As spring arrives with sunshine and blooming flowers, millions of people also face a less welcome seasonal ritual: sneezing, itchy eyes, blocked noses and relentless coughing.
Around 400 million people worldwide are affected by allergic rhinitis — irritation of the nasal passages caused by airborne allergens such as pollen. When it happens seasonally, it is commonly known as hay fever.
Experts say symptoms appear to be worsening in many places, partly because climate change is increasing pollen levels and extending allergy seasons.
Fortunately, newer treatments and clearer medical guidance mean sufferers have more effective options than ever before. Here are nine expert-backed ways to ease symptoms.
1. Choose nasal sprays over tablets
Many people first reach for antihistamine tablets such as Claritin or Benadryl. But doctors say nasal sprays are often more effective because they deliver treatment directly to inflamed nasal tissue.
The most effective tend to be corticosteroid sprays, followed by antihistamine sprays. Combined sprays that contain both are considered especially effective.
2. Avoid overusing decongestant sprays
Decongestant sprays can temporarily clear a blocked nose, but using them for more than a few days may cause rebound congestion, where symptoms return even worse than before.
3. If taking tablets, choose second-generation antihistamines
Newer antihistamines such as Cetirizine, Loratadine and Fexofenadine are usually preferred because they cause less drowsiness than older medicines.
4. Start treatment before symptoms begin
Doctors say beginning treatment before pollen season starts can reduce the severity of symptoms once allergens rise.
5. Use medication consistently
Many allergy treatments work best when taken regularly, not only on bad days. Daily use during allergy season often gives better results.
6. Use nasal sprays correctly
Rather than spraying straight upward, angle the spray slightly outward toward the ear on the same side. This helps the medicine stay in the nose where it is needed.
7. Apply eye drops properly
Instead of dropping medicine directly onto the eye, place drops into the inner corner of the eye and blink to spread the liquid evenly.
8. Reduce exposure to pollen
Simple steps can help:
- Keep windows closed during high pollen days
- Wear sunglasses outdoors
- Consider a mask outside
- Shower and wash hair after coming indoors
- Change clothes after time outside
9. Seek medical help if symptoms continue
Hay fever can seriously affect sleep, concentration, breathing and quality of life. If symptoms remain severe despite treatment, speak to a doctor.
In some cases, symptoms may be linked to asthma or another condition. Some patients may also benefit from longer-term treatments such as allergy immunotherapy.
Important note
This information is for general guidance only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor if you are concerned about your health.
Source: BBC article
